我一直都知道我会变得富有。
我认为自己从来没对此产生过一丝怀疑。 ——巴菲特
“菜鸟学Python”,第“520”篇原创
玩Python这么久了,菜鸟哥写过Python基础教程,写过技巧经验,写过爬虫,数据库,数据分析,趣味案例等等。已经不知不觉写了500多篇了,今天我们来写一个量化的小策略,一起领略一下Python的强大魅力。
01.金融股市基础知识介绍
这里,我们按照地区来对股票进行分类。
-
5天和10天的是短线操作的参照指标,叫做日均线指标;
-
30天和60天的是中期均线指标,叫做季均线指标;
-
120天和240天的是长期均线指标,叫做年均线指标。
02.量化策略
-
能够避免主观情绪,人性的弱点和认知偏差,更加客观 -
能够同时包括多角度的观察和多层次的模型 -
及时跟踪市场变化,不断发现新的统计模型,寻找交易机会。 -
在决定投资策略后,通过回测验证量化策略的效果。
03.实战分析
接下来,我们就先简单的实现一个策略,看一下效果如何。
本次的量化策略,我们针对的是茅台的股票(代码:600519)。这里,菜鸟哥向大家介绍一个非常好用的库Tushare。我们可以借助Tushare库来获取到指定股票的开盘价,收盘价,最高价以及最低价的信息。
为了养成良好的量化策略周期意识,我们按照量化策略的周期,来进行策略的执行。
1).策略的制定
我们的策略很简单,从2015年1月1日开始,每月的第一个交易日都买入100股的股票,每年的最后一个交易日卖出所有的股票,到今天为止,收益是多少钱?
2).程序实现量化策略
明确策略之后,接下来就是对于策略的实现,程序用到的库如下图所示。
首先,我们利用Tushare库来获取茅台股票的信息,然后通过pandas保存到本地,并进行读取。
接下来就是对于策略的实现,程序如下图所示:
-
程序的第5行是从2015年开始进行循环;
-
第6行计算的是当年买股票所花的成本;
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第7行计算的则是一年所购买的股票总量。
-
如果当年不是2021年的话,就在当年最后一个交易日将一年所买到的股票全部卖出,并计算所赚的收益(8-12);
-
第14行和第15行代码分别给出的是2021年的股票收益以及将2021年购买股票所花的钱加到总开销上去;
程序最后输出的结果可以看到。自2015年开始到现在,买股票花费了618.7万元,收益则是达到了92.5万元。
这一个最为简单的策略,也能够得到正的收益,这也是得益于茅台股票的好行情,要是换一个股票,很可能这种简单的策略就会得到负的收益。
双均线策略
在简单的策略验证完成后,接下来,我们就来实现一个经典的量化策略:双均线策略。
双均线策略可以概括为两句话:
金叉:短期均线上穿长期均线,买入信号
死叉:短期均线下穿长期均线,卖出信号
那么何为金叉,何为死叉呢?我们来看下面这张图。
04.模拟交易
5.总结
菜鸟哥今天从基础的金融和股票的知识介绍,再到量化策略的制定,手把手的带领大家进行了一个经典的量化策略的实现。上面的分享只是给大家展现了Python的强大魅力,并不能作为投资参考。
投资是一个艺术也是一门学问,其实量化菜鸟哥已经玩了有2年了,感受也是五味杂陈,量化是一把双刃剑,后面我会写一篇感悟篇。今天只是从技术上给大家的一个分享,好了,欢迎大家在留言区吱一声,记得给个三连,你的支持,才是我原创的动力。
大家也可以在留言区说说你想要了解的内容,也是我创作的一个方向。目前我和一些小伙伴组建了一个投资星球,一起讨论交流心得,我们已经默默的佛系运作了2个月。感兴趣也可以看看,不强求加入。
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text-align: center; letter-spacing: 1.5px; background-image: url('https://www.zkxjob.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/wxsync-2022-07-a2a8a5e1e58f30392066a170034ee027.png'); background-size: 100% 100%; background-repeat: no-repeat; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" data-darkmode-bgcolor-15870356070738="rgb(36, 36, 36)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-15870356070738="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-15870356070738="rgb(230, 230, 230)" data-darkmode-original-color-15870356070738="rgb(0, 0, 0)" data-darkmode-bgimage-15870356070738="1" data-darkmode-bgcolor-15870356071023="rgb(36, 36, 36)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-15870356071023="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-15870356071023="rgb(230, 230, 230)" data-darkmode-original-color-15870356071023="rgb(0, 0, 0)" data-darkmode-bgimage-15870356071023="1" data-darkmode-bgcolor-15882384789136="rgb(36, 36, 36)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-15882384789136="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-15882384789136="rgb(230, 230, 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51, 51)" data-darkmode-original-color-15860613985508="rgb(51, 51, 51)" data-darkmode-bgimage-15860613985508="1" data-darkmode-bgcolor-15870356070738="rgb(36, 36, 36)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-15870356070738="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-15870356070738="rgb(51, 51, 51)" data-darkmode-original-color-15870356070738="rgb(51, 51, 51)" data-darkmode-bgimage-15870356070738="1" data-darkmode-bgcolor-15870356071023="rgb(36, 36, 36)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-15870356071023="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-15870356071023="rgb(51, 51, 51)" data-darkmode-original-color-15870356071023="rgb(51, 51, 51)" data-darkmode-bgimage-15870356071023="1" data-darkmode-bgcolor-15882384789136="rgb(36, 36, 36)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-15882384789136="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-15882384789136="rgb(51, 51, 51)" data-darkmode-original-color-15882384789136="rgb(51, 51, 51)" data-darkmode-bgimage-15882384789136="1" data-darkmode-bgcolor-15882396318564="rgb(36, 36, 36)" 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