你可以用它来完成很多任务，比如数据科学、机器学习、Web开发、脚本编写、自动化等。
下面，就给大家分享100个Python小技巧，帮助大家更好的了解和学习Python。
▍1、for循环中的else条件
这是一个for-else方法，循环遍历列表时使用else语句。
下面举个例子，比如我们想检查一个列表中是否包含奇数。
那么可以通过for循环，遍历查找。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;text-indent: 0em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">numbers = [<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">4</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">6</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">8</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>]<br /><br /><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">for</span> number <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">in</span> numbers:<br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">if</span> number % <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span> == <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>:<br /> print(number)<br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">break</span><br /><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">else</span>:<br /> print(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"No odd numbers"</span>)</p>如果找到了奇数，就会打印该数值，并且执行break语句，跳过else语句。
没有的话，就不会执行break语句，而是执行else语句。
▍2、从列表中获取元素，定义多个变量
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">my_list = [<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">4</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">5</span>]<br />one, two, three, four, five = my_list</p>▍3、使用heapq模块，获取列表中n个最大或最小的元素
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">import</span> heapq<br /><br />scores = [<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">51</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">33</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">64</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">87</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">91</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">75</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">15</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">49</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">33</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">82</span>]<br /><br />print(heapq.nlargest(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>, scores)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># [91, 87, 82]</span><br />print(heapq.nsmallest(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">5</span>, scores)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># [15, 33, 33, 49, 51]</span></p>▍4、将列表中的所有元素作为参数传递给函数
我们可以使用 * 号，提取列表中所有的元素
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">my_list = [<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">4</span>]<br /><br />print(my_list) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># [1, 2, 3, 4]</span><br />print(*my_list) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 1 2 3 4</span><br /></p>如此便可以将列表中的所有元素，作为参数传递给函数
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">sum_of_elements</span><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">(*arg)</span>:</span><br /> total = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">0</span><br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">for</span> i <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">in</span> arg:<br /> total += i<br /><br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">return</span> total<br /><br /><br />result = sum_of_elements(*[<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">4</span>])<br />print(result) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 10</span><br /></p>▍5、获取列表的所有中间元素
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;text-indent: 0em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">_, *elements_in_the_middle, _ = [<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">4</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">5</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">6</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">7</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">8</span>]<br />print(elements_in_the_middle) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]</span></p>▍6、使用一行代码赋值多个变量
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">one, two, three, four = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">4</span></p>▍7、列表推导式
只用一行代码，便可完成对数组的迭代以及运算。
比如，将列表中的每个数字提高一倍。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">numbers = [<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">4</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">5</span>]<br />squared_numbers = [num * num <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">for</span> num <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">in</span> numbers]<br /><br />print(squared_numbers) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># [1, 4, 9, 16, 25]</span><br /></p>推导式不仅列表能用，字典、集合、生成器也能使用。
下面看一下，使用字典推导式，将字典的值提高一倍。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">dictionary = {<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'a'</span>: <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">4</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'b'</span>: <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">5</span>}<br />squared_dictionary = {key: num * num <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">for</span> (key, num) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">in</span> dictionary.items()}<br /><br />print(squared_dictionary) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># {'a': 16, 'b': 25}</span></p>▍8、通过Enum枚举同一标签或一系列常量的集合
枚举是绑定到唯一的常量值的一组符号名称(成员)。
在枚举中，成员可以通过身份进行比较，枚举本身可以迭代。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">from</span> enum <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">import</span> Enum<br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">class</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">Status</span><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">(Enum)</span>:</span><br /> NO_STATUS = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">-1</span><br /> NOT_STARTED = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">0</span><br /> IN_PROGRESS = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span><br /> COMPLETED = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span><br /><br /><br />print(Status.IN_PROGRESS.name) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># IN_PROGRESS</span><br />print(Status.COMPLETED.value) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 2</span></p>▍9、重复字符串
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">name = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"Banana"</span><br />print(name * <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">4</span>) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># BananaBananaBananaBanana</span></p>▍10、比较3个数字的大小
如果想比较一个值和其他两个值的大小情况，你可以使用简单的数学表达式。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span> < x < <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">10</span><br /></p>这个是最简单的代数表达式，在Python中也是可以使用的。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">x = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span><br /><br />print(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span> < x < <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">10</span>) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># True</span><br />print(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span> < x <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">and</span> x < <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">10</span>) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># True</span></p>▍11、使用1行代码合并字典
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">first_dictionary = {<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'name'</span>: <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'Fan'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'location'</span>: <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'Guangzhou'</span>}<br />second_dictionary = {<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'name'</span>: <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'Fan'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'surname'</span>: <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'Xiao'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'location'</span>: <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'Guangdong, <span style="white-space:pre-wrap;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;background-color: rgb(40, 43, 46);">G</span><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;background-color: rgb(40, 43, 46);">uang</span><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;background-color: rgb(40, 43, 46);">zhou</span>'</span>}<br /><br />result = first_dictionary | second_dictionary<br /><br />print(result)<br /><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># {'name': 'Fan', 'location': 'Guangdong, Guangzhou', 'surname': 'Xiao'}</span></p>▍12、查找元组中元素的索引
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">books = (<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'Atomic habits'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'Ego is the enemy'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'Outliers'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'Mastery'</span>)<br /><br />print(books.index(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'Mastery'</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 3</span><br /></p>▍13、将字符串转换为字符串列表
假设你在函数中获得输出，原本应该是一个列表，但实际上却是一个字符串。
<section style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">input = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"[1,2,3]"</span></section>
你可能第一时间会想到使用索引或者正则表达式。
实际上，使用ast模块的literal_eval方法就能搞定。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">import</span> ast<br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">string_to_list</span><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">(string)</span>:</span><br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">return</span> ast.literal_eval(string)<br /><br /><br />string = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"[1, 2, 3]"</span><br />my_list = string_to_list(string)<br />print(my_list) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># [1, 2, 3]</span><br /><br />string = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"[[1, 2, 3],[4, 5, 6]]"</span><br />my_list = string_to_list(string)<br />print(my_list) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]</span></p>▍14、计算两数差值
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">subtract</span><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">(a, b)</span>:</span><br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">return</span> a - b<br /><br /><br />print((subtract(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>))) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># -2</span><br />print((subtract(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>))) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 2</span><br /></p><p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">subtract</span><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">(a, b)</span>:</span><br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">return</span> a - b<br /><br /><br />print((subtract(a=<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, b=<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>))) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># -2</span><br />print((subtract(b=<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>, a=<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>))) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># -2</span><br /></p>▍15、用一个print()语句打印多个元素
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">print(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"a"</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"z"</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"this is here"</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"here is something else"</span>)<span style="color: rgb(174, 135, 250);font-size: inherit;letter-spacing: 0px;"></span></p>▍16、在同一行打印多个元素
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">print(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"Hello"</span>, end=<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">""</span>)<br />print(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"World"</span>) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># HelloWorld</span><br /><br />print(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"Hello"</span>, end=<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">" "</span>)<br />print(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"World"</span>) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># Hello World</span><br /><br />print(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'words'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'with'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'commas'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'in'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'between'</span>, sep=<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">', '</span>)<br /><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># words, with, commas, in, between</span><span style="font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0px;text-indent: 0em;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);"></span></p>▍17、打印多个值，在每个值之间使用自定义分隔符
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">print(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"29"</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"01"</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"2022"</span>, sep=<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"/"</span>) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 29/01/2022</span><br /><br />print(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"name"</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"domain.com"</span>, sep=<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"@"</span>) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># name@domain.com</span><span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128);font-size: inherit;letter-spacing: 0px;text-indent: 0em;"></span></p>▍18、不能在变量名的开头使用数字
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">four_letters = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"abcd"</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># this works</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">4</span>_letters = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"abcd"</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># this doesn’t work</span><br /></p>这是Python的变量命名规则。
▍19、不能在变量名的开头使用运算符
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">+variable = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"abcd"</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># this doesn’t work</span></p>▍20、数字的第一位不能是0
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">number = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">0110</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># this doesn't work</span><br /></p>这个确实挺神奇的。
▍21、在变量名的任何地方使用下划线
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">a______b = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"abcd"</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># this works</span><br />_a_b_c_d = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"abcd"</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># this also works</span><br /></p>这并不意味着，你可以无限使用，为了代码的易读性，还是需要合理使用。
▍22、使用下划线分割数值较大的数字
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">print(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>_000_000_000) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 1000000000</span><br />print(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>_234_567) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 1234567</span><br /></p>如此，看到一大堆数字时，也能轻松阅读。
▍23、反转列表
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">my_list = [<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'a'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'b'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'c'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'d'</span>]<br /><br />my_list.reverse()<br /><br />print(my_list) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># ['d', 'c', 'b', 'a']</span></p>▍24、使用步进函数对字符串切片
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">my_string = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"This is just a sentence"</span><br />print(my_string[<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">0</span>:<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">5</span>]) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># This</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># Take three steps forward</span><br />print(my_string[<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">0</span>:<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">10</span>:<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>]) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># Tsse</span></p>▍25、反向切片
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">my_string = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"This is just a sentence"</span><br />print(my_string[<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">10</span>:<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">0</span>:<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">-1</span>]) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># suj si sih</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># Take two steps forward</span><br />print(my_string[<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">10</span>:<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">0</span>:<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">-2</span>]) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># sjs i</span></p>▍26、使用开始或结束索引进行切片
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">my_string = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"This is just a sentence"</span><br />print(my_string[<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">4</span>:]) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># is just a sentence</span><br /><br />print(my_string[:<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>]) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># Thi</span><span style="font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0px;text-indent: 0em;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);"></span></p>▍27、/和//的区别
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">print(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>/<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 1.5</span><br />print(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>//<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 1</span></p>▍28、==和is的区别
is：检查两个变量是否指向同一对象内存中
==：比较两个对象的值
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">first_list = [<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>]<br />second_list = [<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>]<br /><br /><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 比较两个值</span><br />print(first_list == second_list) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># True</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 是否指向同一内存</span><br />print(first_list <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">is</span> second_list) <br /><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># False</span><br /><br /><br />third_list = first_list<br /><br />print(third_list <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">is</span> first_list) <br /><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># True</span></p>▍29、合并字典
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">dictionary_one = {<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"a"</span>: <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"b"</span>: <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>}<br />dictionary_two = {<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"c"</span>: <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"d"</span>: <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">4</span>}<br /><br />merged = {**dictionary_one, **dictionary_two}<br /><br />print(merged) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3, 'd': 4}</span></p>▍30、检查字符串是否大于另一字符串
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">first = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"abc"</span><br />second = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"def"</span><br /><br />print(first < second) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># True</span><br /><br />second = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"ab"</span><br />print(first < second) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># False</span></p>▍31、检查字符串是否以特定字符开头(不使用索引)
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">my_string = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"abcdef"</span><br />print(my_string.startswith(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"b"</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># False</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;text-indent: 0em;"></span></p>▍32、使用id()查找变量的唯一id
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">print(id(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 4325776624</span><br />print(id(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 4325776656</span><br />print(id(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"string"</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 4327978288</span></p>
▍33、整数、浮点数、字符串、布尔值和元组都是不可变的
当变量被赋值为整数、浮点数、字符串、布尔值、元组这些不可变类型后，该变量就会指向一个内存对象。
如果重新给变量再赋值，它的内存对象就会发生改变。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">number = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span><br />print(id(number)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 4325215472</span><br />print(id(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 4325215472</span><br /><br />number = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span><br />print(id(number)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 4325215536</span><br />print(id(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 4325215472</span><span style="font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0px;text-indent: 0em;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);"></span></p>▍34、字符串和元组也是不可变的
此处再说明一次。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">name = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"Fatos"</span><br />print(id(name)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 4422282544</span><br /><br />name = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"fatos"</span><br />print(id(name)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 4422346608</span><span style="font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0px;text-indent: 0em;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);"></span></p>▍35、列表、集合和字典都是可变的
这意味着发生更改时，不会改变其内存对象。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">cities = [<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"Beijing"</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"Guangzhou"</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"chengdu"</span>]<br />print(id(cities)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 4482699712</span><br /><br />cities.append(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"Beijing"</span>)<br />print(id(cities)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 4482699712</span><br /></p>下面是字典。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">my_set = {<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">4</span>}<br />print(id(my_set)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 4352726176</span><br /><br />my_set.add(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">5</span>)<br />print(id(my_set)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 4352726176</span></p>
▍36、把一个列表变成不可变的列表
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">my_set = frozenset([<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'a'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'b'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'c'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'d'</span>])<br /><br />my_set.add(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"a"</span>)<br /></p>使用frozenset()后，你就无法更改了。
▍37、if-elif块可以在没有else块的情况下存在
但是elif不能在没有if语句之前独立存在。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">check_number</span><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">(number)</span>:</span><br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">if</span> number > <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">0</span>:<br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">return</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"Positive"</span><br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">elif</span> number == <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">0</span>:<br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">return</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"Zero"</span><br /><br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">return</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"Negative"</span><br /><br /><br />print(check_number(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># Positive</span></p>
▍38、使用sorted()检查2个字符串是否为相同
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">check_if_anagram</span><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">(first_word, second_word)</span>:</span><br /> first_word = first_word.lower()<br /> second_word = second_word.lower()<br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">return</span> sorted(first_word) == sorted(second_word)<br /><br /><br />print(check_if_anagram(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"testinG"</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"Testing"</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># True</span><br />print(check_if_anagram(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"Here"</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"Rehe"</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># True</span><br />print(check_if_anagram(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"Know"</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"Now"</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># False</span></p>
▍39、获取字符的Unicode值
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">print(ord(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"A"</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 65</span><br />print(ord(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"B"</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 66</span><br />print(ord(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"C"</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 66</span><br />print(ord(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"a"</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 97</span></p>▍40、获取字典的键
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">dictionary = {<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"a"</span>: <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"b"</span>: <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"c"</span>: <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>}<br /><br />keys = dictionary.keys()<br />print(list(keys)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># ['a', 'b', 'c']</span></p>▍41、获取字典的值
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">dictionary = {<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"a"</span>: <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"b"</span>: <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"c"</span>: <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>}<br /><br />values = dictionary.values()<br />print(list(values)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># [1, 2, 3]</span></p>▍42、交换字典的键、值位置
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">dictionary = {<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"a"</span>: <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"b"</span>: <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"c"</span>: <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>}<br /><br />reversed_dictionary = {j: i <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">for</span> i, j <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">in</span> dictionary.items()}<br />print(reversed) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># {1: 'a', 2: 'b', 3: 'c'}</span></p>▍43、将布尔值转换为数字
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">print(int(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">False</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 0</span><br />print(float(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">True</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 1.0</span><br /></p>▍44、在算术运算中使用布尔值
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">x = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">10</span><br />y = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">12</span><br /><br />result = (x - <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">False</span>)/(y * <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">True</span>)<br />print(result) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 0.8333333333333334</span><br /></p>▍45、将任何数据类型转换为布尔值
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">print(bool(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">.0</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># False</span><br />print(bool(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># True</span><br />print(bool(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"-"</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># True</span><br />print(bool(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"string"</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># True</span><br />print(bool(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">" "</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># True</span><br /></p>▍46、将值转换为复数
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">print(complex(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">10</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># (10+2j)</span><br /></p>也可以将数字转换为十六进制数。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">print(hex(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">11</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 0xb</span><br /></p>
▍47、在列表的第一个位置添加一个值
如果使用append()，将从列表的最后一个位置插入新值。
可以通过使用insert()，来指定插入新元素的索引和数值。
那么列表的第一个位置为0，即下标为0。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">my_list = [<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">4</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">5</span>]<br /><br />my_list.append(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">6</span>)<br />my_list.insert(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">0</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>)<br />print(my_list) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># [2, 3, 4, 5, 6]</span></p>▍48、Lambda函数只能在一行代码中
无法通过多行代码，来使用lambda函数。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">comparison = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">lambda</span> x: <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">if</span> x > <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>:<br /> print(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"x > 3"</span>)<br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">else</span>:<br /> print(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"x is not greater than 3"</span>)<br /></p>报错。
▍49、Lambda中的条件语句应始终包含else语句
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">comparison = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">lambda</span> x: <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"x > 3"</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">if</span> x > <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span><br /></p>运行上面的代码，报错。
这是由于条件表达式的特性，而不是lambda的导致的。
▍50、使用filter()，获得一个新对象
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">my_list = [<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">4</span>]<br /><br />odd = filter(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">lambda</span> x: x % <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span> == <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, my_list)<br /><br />print(list(odd)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># [1, 3]</span><br />print(my_list) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># [1, 2, 3, 4]</span><br /></p>▍51、map()返回一个新对象
map()函数将给定函数应用于可迭代对象(列表、元组等)，然后返回结果(map对象)。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">my_list = [<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">4</span>]<br /><br />squared = map(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">lambda</span> x: x ** <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>, my_list)<br /><br />print(list(squared)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># [1, 4, 9, 16]</span><br />print(my_list) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># [1, 2, 3, 4]</span><br /></p>
▍52、range()的step参数
<section style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">for</span> number <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">in</span> range(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">10</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>):<br /> print(number, end=<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">" "</span>)<br /><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 1 4 7</span></section>▍53、range()默认从0开始
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">range_with_zero</span><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">(number)</span>:</span><br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">for</span> i <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">in</span> range(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">0</span>, number):<br /> print(i, end=<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">' '</span>)<br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">range_with_no_zero</span><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">(number)</span>:</span><br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">for</span> i <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">in</span> range(number):<br /> print(i, end=<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">' '</span>)<br /><br /><br />range_with_zero(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 0 1 2</span><br />range_with_no_zero(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 0 1 2</span></p>▍54、不需要和0比较长度
如果长度大于0，则默认为True。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">get_element_with_comparison</span><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">(my_list)</span>:</span><br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">if</span> len(my_list) > <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">0</span>:<br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">return</span> my_list[<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">0</span>]<br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">get_first_element</span><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">(my_list)</span>:</span><br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">if</span> len(my_list):<br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">return</span> my_list[<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">0</span>]<br /><br /><br />elements = [<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">4</span>]<br />first_result = get_element_with_comparison(elements)<br />second_result = get_element_with_comparison(elements)<br /><br />print(first_result == second_result) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># True</span></p>▍55、可以在同一个作用域内多次定义一个方法
但是，只有最后一个会被调用，覆盖以前。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">get_address</span><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">()</span>:</span><br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">return</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"First address"</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">get_address</span><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">()</span>:</span><br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">return</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"Second address"</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">get_address</span><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">()</span>:</span><br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">return</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"Third address"</span><br /><br /><br />print(get_address()) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># Third address</span><br /></p>▍56、在外部直接访问私有属性
在定义属性或方法时，在属性名或者方法名前增加两个下划线，定义的就是私有属性或方法。
如果想要在外部访问，那么只需要在名称前面加上 '_类名' 变成 '_类名__名称'。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">class</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">Engineer</span>:</span><br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">__init__</span><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">(self, name)</span>:</span><br /> self.name = name<br /> self.__starting_salary = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">62000</span><br /><br /><br />dain = Engineer(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'Dain'</span>)<br />print(dain._Engineer__starting_salary) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 62000</span></p>▍57、检查对象的内存使用情况
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">import</span> sys<br /><br />print(sys.getsizeof(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"bitcoin"</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 56</span></p>▍58、定义一个方法，可以调用任意个参数
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">get_sum</span><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">(*arguments)</span>:</span><br /> result = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">0</span><br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">for</span> i <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">in</span> arguments:<br /> result += i<br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">return</span> result<br /><br /><br />print(get_sum(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 6</span><br />print(get_sum(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">4</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">5</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 15</span><br />print(get_sum(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">4</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">5</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">6</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">7</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 28</span><br /></p>▍59、使用super()或父类的名称调用父类的初始化
使用super函数调用父类的初始化方法。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">class</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">Parent</span>:</span><br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">__init__</span><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">(self, city, address)</span>:</span><br /> self.city = city<br /> self.address = address<br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">class</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">Child</span><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">(Parent)</span>:</span><br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">__init__</span><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">(self, city, address, university)</span>:</span><br /> super().__init__(city, address)<br /> self.university = university<br /><br /><br />child = Child(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'Peking University'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'Fudan University'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'Tsinghua University'</span>)<br />print(child.university) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># Tsinghua University</span><br /></p>使用父类的名称调用父类。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">class</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">Parent</span>:</span><br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">__init__</span><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">(self, city, address)</span>:</span><br /> self.city = city<br /> self.address = address<br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">class</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">Child</span><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">(Parent)</span>:</span><br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">__init__</span><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">(self, city, address, university)</span>:</span><br /> Parent.__init__(self, city, address)<br /> self.university = university<br /><br /><br />child = Child<span style="white-space:pre-wrap;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;background-color: rgb(40, 43, 46);">(</span><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;font-size: inherit;word-spacing: -3px;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'Peking University'</span><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;background-color: rgb(40, 43, 46);">, </span><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;font-size: inherit;word-spacing: -3px;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'Fudan University'</span><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;background-color: rgb(40, 43, 46);">, </span><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;font-size: inherit;word-spacing: -3px;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'Tsinghua University'</span><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;background-color: rgb(40, 43, 46);">)</span><br />print(child.university) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;background-color: rgb(40, 43, 46);"># Tsinghua University</span></span><br /></p>▍60、在类中使用 + 操作符
在两个int数据类型之间使用 + 运算符时，将得到它们的和。
而在两个字符串数据类型之间使用它时，会将其合并。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">print(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">10</span> + <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 两数相加</span><br />print(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'first'</span> + <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'second'</span>) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 字符串相加</span></p>这个就是操作符重载，你还可以在类中使用(__add__)。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">class</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">Expenses</span>:</span><br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">__init__</span><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">(self, rent, groceries)</span>:</span><br /> self.rent = rent<br /> self.groceries = groceries<br /><br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">__add__</span><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">(self, other)</span>:</span><br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">return</span> Expenses(self.rent + other.rent,<br /> self.groceries + other.groceries)<br /><br /><br />april_expenses = Expenses(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1000</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">200</span>)<br />may_expenses = Expenses(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1000</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">300</span>)<br /><br />total_expenses = april_expenses + may_expenses<br />print(total_expenses.rent) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 2000</span><br />print(total_expenses.groceries) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 500</span><br /></p>
▍61、在类中使用 < 和 == 操作符
下面定义一个操作重载示例( < 操作符)，使用__lt__方法。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">class</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">Game</span>:</span><br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">__init__</span><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">(self, score)</span>:</span><br /> self.score = score<br /><br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">__lt__</span><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">(self, other)</span>:</span><br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">return</span> self.score < other.score<br /><br /><br />first = Game(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>)<br />second = Game(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>)<br /><br />print(first < second) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># True</span><br /></p>同样的，== 操作符使用__eq__方法。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">class</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">Journey</span>:</span><br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">__init__</span><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">(self, location, destination, duration)</span>:</span><br /> self.location = location<br /> self.destination = destination<br /> self.duration = duration<br /><br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">__eq__</span><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">(self, other)</span>:</span><br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">return</span> ((self.location == other.location) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">and</span><br /> (self.destination == other.destination) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">and</span><br /> (self.duration == other.duration))<br /><br /><br />first = Journey(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'Location A'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'Destination A'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'30min'</span>)<br />second = Journey(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'Location B'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'Destination B'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'30min'</span>)<br /><br />print(first == second)<br /></p>还有一些其他的定义。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">__sub__() <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">for</span> -<br />__mul__() <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">for</span> *<br />__truediv__() <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">for</span> /<br />__ne__() <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">for</span> !=<br />__ge__() <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">for</span> >=<br />__gt__() <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">for</span> ></p>▍62、为类的对象定义自定义的可打印版本
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">class</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">Rectangle</span>:</span><br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">__init__</span><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">(self, a, b)</span>:</span><br /> self.a = a<br /> self.b = b<br /><br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">__repr__</span><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">(self)</span>:</span><br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">return</span> repr(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'Rectangle with area='</span> + str(self.a * self.b))<br /><br /><br />print(Rectangle(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">4</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 'Rectangle with area=12'</span></p>▍63、交换字符串中字符的大小写
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">string = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"This is just a sentence."</span><br />result = string.swapcase()<br /><br />print(result) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># tHIS IS JUST A SENTENCE.</span></p>▍64、检查字符串是否都是空格
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">string = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">" "</span><br />result = string.isspace()<br /><br />print(result) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># True</span><br /></p>▍65、检查字符串是否都是字母或数字
<section style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">name = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"Password"</span><br />print(name.isalnum()) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># True</span><br /><br />name = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"Secure Password "</span><br />print(name.isalnum()) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># False</span><br /><br />name = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"S3cur3P4ssw0rd"</span><br />print(name.isalnum()) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># True</span><br /><br />name = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"133"</span><br />print(name.isalnum()) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># True</span></section>▍66、检查字符串是否都是字母
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">string = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"Name"</span><br />print(string.isalpha()) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># True</span><br /><br />string = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"Firstname Lastname"</span><br />print(string.isalpha()) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># False</span><br /><br />string = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"P4ssw0rd"</span><br />print(string.isalpha()) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># False</span></p>▍67、根据参数删除字符
从右侧开始。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">string = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"This is a sentence with "</span><br />print(string.rstrip()) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># "This is a sentence with"</span><br /><br />string = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"this here is a sentence…..,,,,aaaaasd"</span><br />print(string.rstrip(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">".,dsa"</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># "this here is a sentence"</span><br /></p>同样的，左侧也能操作。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">string = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"ffffffffFirst"</span><br />print(string.lstrip(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"f"</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># First</span></p>▍68、检查字符串是否为数字
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">string = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"seven"</span><br />print(string.isdigit()) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># False</span><br /><br />string = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"1337"</span><br />print(string.isdigit()) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># True</span><br /><br />string = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"5a"</span><br />print(string.isdigit()) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># False</span><br /><br />string = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"2**5"</span><br />print(string.isdigit()) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># False</span></p>▍69、检查字符串是否为中文数字
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 42673</span><br />string = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"四二六七三"</span><br /><br />print(string.isdigit()) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># False</span><br />print(string.isnumeric()) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># True</span><br /></p>▍70、检查字符串是否所有单词都是大写开头
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">string = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"This is a sentence"</span><br />print(string.istitle()) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># False</span><br /><br />string = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"10 Python Tips"</span><br />print(string.istitle()) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># True</span><br /><br />string = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"How to Print A String in Python"</span><br /><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># False</span><br />print(string.istitle())<br /><br />string = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"PYTHON"</span><br />print(string.istitle()) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># False</span></p>▍71、在元组中使用负索引
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">numbers = (<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">4</span>)<br /><br />print(numbers[<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">-1</span>]) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 4</span><br />print(numbers[<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">-4</span>]) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 1</span></p>▍72、在元组中嵌套列表和元组
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">mixed_tuple = ((<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"a"</span>*<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">10</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">4</span>), [<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'first'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'second'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'third'</span>])<br /><br />print(mixed_tuple[<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>]) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># ['first', 'second', 'third']</span><br />print(mixed_tuple[<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">0</span>]) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># ('aaaaaaaaaa', 3, 4)</span></p>▍73、快速统计元素在列表中出现的次数
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">names = [<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"Besim"</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"Albert"</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"Besim"</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"Fisnik"</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"Meriton"</span>]<br /><br />print(names.count(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"Besim"</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 2</span></p>▍74、使用slice()获取元素
使用slice()获取最后n个元素。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">my_list = [<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">4</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">5</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">6</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">7</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">8</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">9</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">10</span>]<br />slicing = slice(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">-4</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">None</span>)<br />print(my_list[slicing]) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># [4, 5, 6]</span><br /><br />print(my_list[<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">-3</span>]) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 4</span><br /></p>使用slice()做切片任务。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">string = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"Data Science"</span><br /><br />slice_object = slice(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">5</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">None</span>)<br />print(string[slice_object]) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># Science</span><br /></p>
▍75、计算元素在元组中出现的次数
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">my_tuple = (<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'a'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'f'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'a'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">5</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'a'</span>)<br /><br />print(my_tuple.count(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'a'</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 3</span></p>▍76、获取元组中元素的索引
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">my_tuple = (<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'a'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'f'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'a'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">5</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'a'</span>)<br /><br />print(my_tuple.index(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'f'</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 2</span></p>▍77、步进获得元组
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">my_tuple = (<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">4</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">5</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">6</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">7</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">8</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">9</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">10</span>)<br /><br />print(my_tuple[::<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>]) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># (1, 4, 7, 10)</span></p>▍78、通过索引获取子元组
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">my_tuple = (<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">4</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">5</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">6</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">7</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">8</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">9</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">10</span>)<br /><br />print(my_tuple[<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>:]) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># (4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)</span></p>▍79、将列表、集合、字典中所有元素删除
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">my_list = [<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">4</span>]<br />my_list.clear()<br />print(my_list) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># []</span><br /><br />my_set = {<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>}<br />my_set.clear()<br />print(my_set) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># set()</span><br /><br />my_dict = {<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"a"</span>: <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"b"</span>: <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>}<br />my_dict.clear()<br />print(my_dict) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># {}</span></p>▍80、合并集合
使用union()方法，返回一个新集合。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">first_set = {<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">4</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">5</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">6</span>}<br />second_set = {<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>}<br /><br />print(first_set.union(second_set)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}</span><br /></p>还可以使用update()方法，将第二个集合的元素插入到第一个集合中去。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">first_set = {<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">4</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">5</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">6</span>}<br />second_set = {<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>}<br /><br />first_set.update(second_set)<br /><br />print(first_set) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}</span></p>▍81、在函数里输出结果
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">is_positive</span><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">(number)</span>:</span><br /> print(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"Positive"</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">if</span> number > <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">0</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">else</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"Negative"</span>) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># Positive</span><br /><br /><br />is_positive(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">-3</span>)</p>▍82、if语句中的多个条件
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">math_points = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">51</span><br />biology_points = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">78</span><br />physics_points = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">56</span><br />history_points = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">72</span><br /><br />my_conditions = [math_points > <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">50</span>, biology_points > <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">50</span>,<br /> physics_points > <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">50</span>, history_points > <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">50</span>]<br /><br /><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">if</span> all(my_conditions):<br /> print(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"Congratulations! You have passed all of the exams."</span>)<br /><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">else</span>:<br /> print(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"I am sorry, but it seems that you have to repeat at least one exam."</span>)<br /><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># Congratulations! You have passed all of the exams.</span></p>▍83、在一个if语句中，至少满足多个条件中的一个
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">math_points = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">40</span><br />biology_points = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">78</span><br />physics_points = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">56</span><br />history_points = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">72</span><br /><br />my_conditions = [math_points > <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">50</span>, biology_points > <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">50</span>,<br /> physics_points > <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">50</span>, history_points > <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">50</span>]<br /><br /><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">if</span> any(my_conditions):<br /> print(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"Congratulations! You have passed all of the exams."</span>)<br /><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">else</span>:<br /> print(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"I am sorry, but it seems that you have to repeat at least one exam."</span>)<br /><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># Congratulations! You have passed all of the exams.</span><br /></p>▍84、任何非空字符串都为True
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">print(bool(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"Non empty"</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># True</span><br />print(bool(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">""</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># False</span></p>▍85、任何非空列表、元组、字典都为True
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">print(bool([])) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># False</span><br />print(bool(set([]))) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># False</span><br /><br />print(bool({})) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># False</span><br />print(bool({<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"a"</span>: <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>})) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># True</span></p>▍86、None、False、0都为False
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">print(bool(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">False</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># False</span><br />print(bool(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">None</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># False</span><br />print(bool(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">0</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># False</span></p>▍87、在函数中使用全局变量
在函数无法直接修改全局变量的值。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">string = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"string"</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">do_nothing</span><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">()</span>:</span><br /> string = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"inside a method"</span><br /><br /><br />do_nothing()<br /><br />print(string) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># string</span><br /></p>可通过修饰符global，修改全局变量的值。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">string = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"string"</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">do_nothing</span><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">()</span>:</span><br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">global</span> string<br /> string = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"inside a method"</span><br /><br /><br />do_nothing()<br /><br />print(string) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># inside a method</span><br /></p>
▍88、计算字符串或列表中元素的数量
使用collections中的Counter计算字符串或列表中元素的数量。
<section style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">from</span> collections <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">import</span> Counter<br /><br />result = Counter(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"Banana"</span>)<br />print(result) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># Counter({'a': 3, 'n': 2, 'B': 1})</span><br /><br /><br />result = Counter([<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">4</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">5</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">6</span>])<br />print(result) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># Counter({1: 5, 2: 1, 3: 1, 4: 1, 5: 1, 6: 1})</span></section>
▍89、检查2个字符串是否为相同
可以使用Counter()方法。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">from</span> collections <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">import</span> Counter<br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">check_if_anagram</span><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">(first_string, second_string)</span>:</span><br /> first_string = first_string.lower()<br /> second_string = second_string.lower()<br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">return</span> Counter(first_string) == Counter(second_string)<br /><br /><br />print(check_if_anagram(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'testinG'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'Testing'</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># True</span><br />print(check_if_anagram(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'Here'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'Rehe'</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># True</span><br />print(check_if_anagram(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'Know'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'Now'</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># False</span><br /></p>可以使用sorted()方法。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">check_if_anagram</span><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">(first_word, second_word)</span>:</span><br /> first_word = first_word.lower()<br /> second_word = second_word.lower()<br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">return</span> sorted(first_word) == sorted(second_word)<br /><br /><br />print(check_if_anagram(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"testinG"</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"Testing"</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># True</span><br />print(check_if_anagram(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"Here"</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"Rehe"</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># True</span><br />print(check_if_anagram(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"Know"</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"Now"</span>)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># False</span></p>▍90、使用itertools中的count计算元素的数量
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">from</span> itertools <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">import</span> count<br /><br />my_vowels = [<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'a'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'e'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'i'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'o'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'u'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'A'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'E'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'I'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'O'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'U'</span>]<br /><br />current_counter = count()<br /><br />string = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"This is just a sentence."</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">for</span> i <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">in</span> string:<br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">if</span> i <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">in</span> my_vowels:<br /> print(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">f"Current vowel: <span style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">{i}</span>"</span>)<br /> print(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">f"Number of vowels found so far: <span style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">{next(current_counter)}</span>"</span>)<br /></p>输出如下。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">Current vowel: i<br />Number of vowels found so far: <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">0</span><br />Current vowel: i<br />Number of vowels found so far: <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span><br />Current vowel: u<br />Number of vowels found so far: <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span><br />Current vowel: a<br />Number of vowels found so far: <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span><br />Current vowel: e<br />Number of vowels found so far: <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">4</span><br />Current vowel: e<br />Number of vowels found so far: <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">5</span><br />Current vowel: e<br />Number of vowels found so far: <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">6</span></p>▍91、对字符串或列表的元素进行次数排序
collections模块的Counter()，默认情况下是不会根据元素的频率对它们进行排序的。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">from</span> collections <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">import</span> Counter<br /><br />result = Counter([<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>])<br />print(result) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># Counter({2: 5, 1: 1, 3: 1})</span><br />print(result.most_common()) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># [(2, 5), (1, 1), (3, 1)]</span><br /></p>map()函数将给定函数应用于可迭代对象(列表、元组等)，然后返回结果(map对象)。
▍92、查找列表中出现频率最高的元素
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">my_list = [<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'1'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">0</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'a'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'b'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'a'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'c'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'a'</span>]<br /><br />print(max(set(my_list), key=my_list.count)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># a</span></p>▍93、copy()和deepcopy()的区别
浅拷贝: 拷贝父对象，但是不会拷贝对象的内部的子对象。
深拷贝: 拷贝父对象. 以及其内部的子对象。
下面是一个copy()的例子。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">first_list = [[<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>], [<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'a'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'b'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'c'</span>]]<br /><br />second_list = first_list.copy()<br /><br />first_list[<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">0</span>][<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>] = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">831</span><br /><br />print(first_list) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># [[1, 2, 831], ['a', 'b', 'c']]</span><br />print(second_list) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># [[1, 2, 831], ['a', 'b', 'c']]</span><br /></p>这里是一个deepcopy()的例子。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">import</span> copy<br /><br />first_list = [[<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>], [<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'a'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'b'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'c'</span>]]<br /><br />second_list = copy.deepcopy(first_list)<br /><br />first_list[<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">0</span>][<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>] = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">831</span><br /><br />print(first_list) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># [[1, 2, 831], ['a', 'b', 'c']]</span><br />print(second_list) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># [[1, 2, 3], ['a', 'b', 'c']]</span></p>▍94、访问字典中不存在的键时，避免报错
如果你想访问字典一个不存在的键，代码会报错。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">my_dictonary = {<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"name"</span>: <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"Name"</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"surname"</span>: <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"Surname"</span>}<br />print(my_dictonary[<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"age"</span>]) <br /></p>错误如下。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">KeyError: <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'age'</span><br /></p>可以通过使用defaultdict()，代码将不会报错。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">from</span> collections <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">import</span> defaultdict<br /><br />my_dictonary = defaultdict(str)<br />my_dictonary[<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'name'</span>] = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"Name"</span><br />my_dictonary[<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'surname'</span>] = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"Surname"</span><br /><br />print(my_dictonary[<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"age"</span>]) </p>▍95、构建迭代器
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">class</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">OddNumbers</span>:</span><br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">__iter__</span><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">(self)</span>:</span><br /> self.a = <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span><br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">return</span> self<br /><br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">__next__</span><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">(self)</span>:</span><br /> x = self.a<br /> self.a += <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span><br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">return</span> x<br /><br /><br />odd_numbers_object = OddNumbers()<br />iterator = iter(odd_numbers_object)<br /><br />print(next(iterator)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 1</span><br />print(next(iterator)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 3</span><br />print(next(iterator)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 5</span></p>▍96、删除列表的重复项
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">my_set = set([<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">4</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">5</span>])<br />print(list(my_set)) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]</span></p>▍97、打印模块的安装位置
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">import</span> pandas<br /><br />print(pandas) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># <module 'torch' from '/Users/...'</span></p>▍98、使用not in检查一个值是否在列表中
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">odd_numbers = [<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">3</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">5</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">7</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">9</span>]<br />even_numbers = []<br /><br /><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">for</span> i <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">in</span> range(<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">9</span>):<br /> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">if</span> i <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">not</span> <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">in</span> odd_numbers:<br /> even_numbers.append(i)<br /><br />print(even_numbers) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># [0, 2, 4, 6, 8]</span></p>▍99、sort()和sorted()的区别
sort()：对原始列表进行排序
sorted()：返回一个新的排序列表
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;">groceries = [<span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'milk'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'bread'</span>, <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'tea'</span>]<br /><br />new_groceries = sorted(groceries)<br /><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># new_groceries = ['bread', 'milk', 'tea']</span><br /><br />print(new_groceries)<br /><br /><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># groceries = ['milk', 'bread', 'tea']</span><br />print(groceries)<br /><br />groceries.sort()<br /><br /><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># groceries = ['bread', 'milk', 'tea']</span><br />print(groceries)</p>▍100、使用uuid模块生成唯一ID
UUID代表唯一标识符。
<p style="line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;"><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">import</span> uuid<br /><br /><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 根据主机ID、序列号和当前时间生成UUID</span><br />print(uuid.uuid1()) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 308490b6-afe4-11eb-95f7-0c4de9a0c5af</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 生成一个随机UUID</span><br />print(uuid.uuid4()) <span style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 93bc700b-253e-4081-a358-24b60591076a</span></p><section data-role="outer" label="Powered by 135editor.com" data-darkmode-bgcolor="rgb(36, 36, 36)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color="rgb(168, 168, 168)" data-darkmode-original-color="rgb(62, 62, 62)" data-style="max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(62, 62, 62); text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word 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data-darkmode-color-15862671987026="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" data-darkmode-original-color-15862671987026="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" data-darkmode-bgcolor-15864118999603="rgb(36, 36, 36)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-15864118999603="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-15864118999603="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" data-darkmode-original-color-15864118999603="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" data-darkmode-bgcolor-15864940858736="rgb(36, 36, 36)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-15864940858736="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-15864940858736="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" data-darkmode-original-color-15864940858736="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" data-darkmode-bgcolor-15869584691402="rgb(36, 36, 36)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-15869584691402="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-15869584691402="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" data-darkmode-original-color-15869584691402="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" data-darkmode-bgcolor-15869584691739="rgb(36, 36, 36)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-15869584691739="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-15869584691739="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" data-darkmode-original-color-15869584691739="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" data-darkmode-bgcolor-15873005456075="rgb(36, 36, 36)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-15873005456075="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-15873005456075="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" data-darkmode-original-color-15873005456075="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" data-darkmode-bgcolor-15873005456615="rgb(36, 36, 36)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-15873005456615="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-15873005456615="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" data-darkmode-original-color-15873005456615="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" data-darkmode-bgcolor-15886839320558="rgb(36, 36, 36)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-15886839320558="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-15886839320558="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" data-darkmode-original-color-15886839320558="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" data-darkmode-color-159923607914210="rgba(163, 163, 163, 0.9)" data-darkmode-original-color-159923607914210="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" data-darkmode-bgcolor-159923607914210="rgb(25, 25, 25)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-159923607914210="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-bgcolor-160008070860010="rgb(25, 25, 25)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-160008070860010="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-160008070860010="rgba(163, 163, 163, 0.9)" data-darkmode-original-color-160008070860010="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" data-darkmode-bgcolor-16072664870629="rgb(25, 25, 25)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-16072664870629="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-16072664870629="rgba(163, 163, 163, 0.9)" data-darkmode-original-color-16072664870629="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" data-darkmode-bgcolor-16073544711184="rgb(25, 25, 25)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-16073544711184="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-16073544711184="rgba(163, 163, 163, 0.9)" data-darkmode-original-color-16073544711184="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;word-spacing: 1.6px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><pre data-darkmode-bgcolor="rgb(36, 36, 36)" data-style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9); letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-size-adjust: auto; font-size: 16px; text-align: center; word-spacing: 1.6px;" data-darkmode-color="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" data-darkmode-original-color="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-bgcolor-15862411819306="rgb(36, 36, 36)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-15862411819306="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-15862411819306="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" data-darkmode-original-color-15862411819306="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" data-darkmode-bgcolor-15862671987026="rgb(36, 36, 36)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-15862671987026="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-15862671987026="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" data-darkmode-original-color-15862671987026="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" data-darkmode-bgcolor-15864118999603="rgb(36, 36, 36)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-15864118999603="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-15864118999603="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" data-darkmode-original-color-15864118999603="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" data-darkmode-bgcolor-15864940858736="rgb(36, 36, 36)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-15864940858736="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-15864940858736="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" data-darkmode-original-color-15864940858736="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" data-darkmode-bgcolor-15869584691402="rgb(36, 36, 36)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-15869584691402="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-15869584691402="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" data-darkmode-original-color-15869584691402="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" data-darkmode-bgcolor-15869584691739="rgb(36, 36, 36)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-15869584691739="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-15869584691739="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" data-darkmode-original-color-15869584691739="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" data-darkmode-bgcolor-15873005456075="rgb(36, 36, 36)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-15873005456075="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-15873005456075="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" data-darkmode-original-color-15873005456075="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" data-darkmode-bgcolor-15873005456615="rgb(36, 36, 36)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-15873005456615="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-15873005456615="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" data-darkmode-original-color-15873005456615="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" data-darkmode-bgcolor-15886839320558="rgb(36, 36, 36)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-15886839320558="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-15886839320558="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" data-darkmode-original-color-15886839320558="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" data-darkmode-color-159923607914210="rgba(163, 163, 163, 0.9)" data-darkmode-original-color-159923607914210="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" data-darkmode-bgcolor-159923607914210="rgb(25, 25, 25)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-159923607914210="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-bgcolor-160008070860010="rgb(25, 25, 25)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-160008070860010="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-160008070860010="rgba(163, 163, 163, 0.9)" data-darkmode-original-color-160008070860010="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" data-darkmode-bgcolor-16072664870629="rgb(25, 25, 25)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-16072664870629="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-16072664870629="rgba(163, 163, 163, 0.9)" data-darkmode-original-color-16072664870629="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" data-darkmode-bgcolor-16073544711184="rgb(25, 25, 25)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-16073544711184="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-16073544711184="rgba(163, 163, 163, 0.9)" data-darkmode-original-color-16073544711184="rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)" style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;word-spacing: 1.6px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;text-size-adjust: auto;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><img class="__bg_gif" data-ratio="0.08658008658008658" data-type="gif" data-w="462" data-width="100%" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light, "PingFang SC", Cambria, Cochin, Georgia, Times, "Times New Roman", serif;display: block;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;width: 578px !important;" src="https://www.zkxjob.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/wxsync-2022-07-ae45c8833e6e59cceba3c2fda2df37d1.gif" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;text-size-adjust: auto;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p>推荐阅读:
入门: 最全的零基础学Python的问题 | 零基础学了8个月的Python | 实战项目 |学Python就是这条捷径
干货:爬取豆瓣短评，电影《后来的我们》 | 38年NBA最佳球员分析 | 从万众期待到口碑扑街！唐探3令人失望 | 笑看新倚天屠龙记 | 灯谜答题王 ｜用Python做个海量小姐姐素描图 ｜碟中谍这么火，我用机器学习做个迷你推荐系统电影
趣味:弹球游戏 | 九宫格 | 漂亮的花 | 两百行Python《天天酷跑》游戏!
AI: 会做诗的机器人 | 给图片上色 | 预测收入 | 碟中谍这么火，我用机器学习做个迷你推荐系统电影
小工具: Pdf转Word，轻松搞定表格和水印！ | 一键把html网页保存为pdf！| 再见PDF提取收费！ | 用90行代码打造最强PDF转换器，word、PPT、excel、markdown、html一键转换 | 制作一款钉钉低价机票提示器！ ｜60行代码做了一个语音壁纸切换器天天看小姐姐！｜
年度爆款文案
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1).卧槽！Pdf转Word用Python轻松搞定！
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2).学Python真香！我用100行代码做了个网站，帮人PS旅行图片，赚个鸡腿吃
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3).首播过亿，火爆全网，我分析了《乘风破浪的姐姐》，发现了这些秘密
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4).80行代码！用Python做一个哆来A梦分身
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5).你必须掌握的20个python代码，短小精悍，用处无穷
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6).30个Python奇淫技巧集
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7).我总结的80页《菜鸟学Python精选干货.pdf》,都是干货
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8).再见Python！我要学Go了！2500字深度分析！
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9).发现一个舔狗福利！这个Python爬虫神器太爽了，自动下载妹子图片
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data-darkmode-bgcolor-15900529136199="rgb(36, 36, 36)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-15900529136199="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-15900529136199="rgb(230, 230, 230)" data-darkmode-original-color-15900529136199="rgb(0, 0, 0)" data-darkmode-bgimage-15900529136199="1" style="padding: 18px 15px 20px 10px;max-width: 100%;background-size: 100% 100%;background-image: url('https://www.zkxjob.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/wxsync-2022-07-a2a8a5e1e58f30392066a170034ee027.png');color: rgb(86, 146, 214);letter-spacing: 1.5px;background-repeat: no-repeat;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-darkmode-bgcolor-15860613985508="rgb(36, 36, 36)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-15860613985508="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-15860613985508="rgb(230, 230, 230)" data-darkmode-original-color-15860613985508="rgb(0, 0, 0)" data-darkmode-bgimage-15860613985508="1" data-darkmode-bgcolor-15870356070738="rgb(36, 36, 36)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-15870356070738="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-15870356070738="rgb(230, 230, 230)" data-darkmode-original-color-15870356070738="rgb(0, 0, 0)" data-darkmode-bgimage-15870356070738="1" data-darkmode-bgcolor-15870356071023="rgb(36, 36, 36)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-15870356071023="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-15870356071023="rgb(230, 230, 230)" data-darkmode-original-color-15870356071023="rgb(0, 0, 0)" data-darkmode-bgimage-15870356071023="1" data-darkmode-bgcolor-15882384789136="rgb(36, 36, 36)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-15882384789136="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-15882384789136="rgb(230, 230, 230)" data-darkmode-original-color-15882384789136="rgb(0, 0, 0)" data-darkmode-bgimage-15882384789136="1" data-darkmode-bgcolor-15882396318564="rgb(36, 36, 36)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-15882396318564="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-15882396318564="rgb(230, 230, 230)" data-darkmode-original-color-15882396318564="rgb(0, 0, 0)" data-darkmode-bgimage-15882396318564="1" data-darkmode-bgcolor-15900529136199="rgb(36, 36, 36)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-15900529136199="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-15900529136199="rgb(230, 230, 230)" data-darkmode-original-color-15900529136199="rgb(0, 0, 0)" data-darkmode-bgimage-15900529136199="1" style="max-width: 100%;display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-darkmode-bgcolor-15860613985508="rgb(36, 36, 36)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-15860613985508="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-15860613985508="rgb(230, 230, 230)" data-darkmode-original-color-15860613985508="rgb(0, 0, 0)" data-darkmode-bgimage-15860613985508="1" data-darkmode-bgcolor-15870356070738="rgb(36, 36, 36)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-15870356070738="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-15870356070738="rgb(230, 230, 230)" data-darkmode-original-color-15870356070738="rgb(0, 0, 0)" data-darkmode-bgimage-15870356070738="1" data-darkmode-bgcolor-15870356071023="rgb(36, 36, 36)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-15870356071023="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-15870356071023="rgb(230, 230, 230)" data-darkmode-original-color-15870356071023="rgb(0, 0, 0)" data-darkmode-bgimage-15870356071023="1" data-darkmode-bgcolor-15882384789136="rgb(36, 36, 36)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-15882384789136="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-15882384789136="rgb(230, 230, 230)" data-darkmode-original-color-15882384789136="rgb(0, 0, 0)" data-darkmode-bgimage-15882384789136="1" data-darkmode-bgcolor-15882396318564="rgb(36, 36, 36)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-15882396318564="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-15882396318564="rgb(230, 230, 230)" data-darkmode-original-color-15882396318564="rgb(0, 0, 0)" data-darkmode-bgimage-15882396318564="1" data-darkmode-bgcolor-15900529136199="rgb(36, 36, 36)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-15900529136199="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-15900529136199="rgb(230, 230, 230)" data-darkmode-original-color-15900529136199="rgb(0, 0, 0)" data-darkmode-bgimage-15900529136199="1" style="margin-left: 2px;max-width: 100%;width: 20px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section><section data-brushtype="text" data-darkmode-bgcolor-15860613985508="rgb(36, 36, 36)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-15860613985508="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-15860613985508="rgb(51, 51, 51)" data-darkmode-original-color-15860613985508="rgb(51, 51, 51)" data-darkmode-bgimage-15860613985508="1" data-darkmode-bgcolor-15870356070738="rgb(36, 36, 36)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-15870356070738="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-15870356070738="rgb(51, 51, 51)" data-darkmode-original-color-15870356070738="rgb(51, 51, 51)" data-darkmode-bgimage-15870356070738="1" data-darkmode-bgcolor-15870356071023="rgb(36, 36, 36)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-15870356071023="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-15870356071023="rgb(51, 51, 51)" data-darkmode-original-color-15870356071023="rgb(51, 51, 51)" data-darkmode-bgimage-15870356071023="1" data-darkmode-bgcolor-15882384789136="rgb(36, 36, 36)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-15882384789136="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-15882384789136="rgb(51, 51, 51)" data-darkmode-original-color-15882384789136="rgb(51, 51, 51)" data-darkmode-bgimage-15882384789136="1" data-darkmode-bgcolor-15882396318564="rgb(36, 36, 36)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-15882396318564="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-15882396318564="rgb(51, 51, 51)" data-darkmode-original-color-15882396318564="rgb(51, 51, 51)" data-darkmode-bgimage-15882396318564="1" data-darkmode-bgcolor-15900529136199="rgb(36, 36, 36)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-15900529136199="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-15900529136199="rgb(51, 51, 51)" data-darkmode-original-color-15900529136199="rgb(51, 51, 51)" data-darkmode-bgimage-15900529136199="1" style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-family: 楷体, 楷体_GB2312, SimKai;white-space: pre-wrap;font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">点阅读原文,领AI全套资料！</span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section>本篇文章来源于: 菜鸟学Python
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