我们都知道，不管是Java，还是C++，还是Go，还是Python，都是有线程这个概念的。
但是我们知道，线程是不能随便创建的，就像每招一个员工一样，是有代价的，无限制招人肯定最后各种崩溃。
所以通常情况下，我们会引出线程池这个概念。
本质就是我就招了几个固定的员工，给他们派活,某一个人的活干完了再去任务中心领取新的活。
防止任务太多，一次性招太多工人，最后系统崩溃。
开心一刻
理想的多线程
实际的多线程
from concurrent.futures import ...
可能也是因为线程池这个东西用的越来越多了吧，从Python3.2+之后，就成了内置模块。
对的，直接就能使用，不需要pip进行安装什么的。
concurrent.futures下面主要有俩接口。
-
ThreadPoolExecutor线程池。 -
ProcessPoolExecutor进程池。
这里可没有什么所谓的异步池。
个人看法：虽然异步的性能很高，但是目前除了Go以外，其他实现的都不是太好，用法上面有些怪异，当然，你们可以说我菜，我承认。
线程池
示例代码
执行结果
发现的问题
其实这个就是并发的，不要怀疑，但是你有没有发现个问题，main先执行，这说明啥？
这说明，我main跑完之后，是不管子线程的死活的。
那能不能设置一下，所有的子线程都执行完之后，main函数在执行完？
当然可以，需要一个参数即可。
要完成上述的问题，我们需要一个参数，加上这个参数之后。
就可以让主线程等待所有子线程执行完之后，主线程再执行完。
示例代码
主要就是13行的pool.shutdown()。
执行结果
这次结果就是我们想要的了，hhh！！！
add_done_callback可以理解为是回调函数，线程执行完之后，会自动调用指定的回调函数。
并且能拿到线程执行函数的返回值。
有什么用，我也没用过，怪我才疏学浅叭。
示例代码
注意：第17，27，28行代码！
执行效果
我想，可能通常用在一些善后工作叭。
多进程方式
其实通过上述几个例子，我们基本是知道怎么使用上面这个线程池了。
但是都知道Python的线程，因为GIL(全局解释器锁)的原因，是不能并发到多个物理核心上的。
所以是IO密集型的，像爬虫，读写文件，使用线程池是ok的。
但是如果说我就是野，就是头铁，非要用Python做计算型应用，像图片压缩、视频流推送，那没办法，需要使用多进程池方式。
其实通过concurrent这个接口，可以很方便的创建进程池，只需要修改两个地方。
只需要修改这俩地方即可，其他和上述用法一摸一样。
总结
本篇主要讲的是Python自带的线程池和进程池。
比较有特色的是，ThreadPoolExecutor，ProcessPoolExecutor的接口是一样的。
只需要修改导入的包就行。
concurrent的接口主要有pool.submit(),pool.shutdown(),futrue.add_done_callback()。
基本这几个都够自己用了。
如果在操作过程中有任何问题，欢迎在留言区吱一声。
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data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-16072664870629="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-16072664870629="rgb(51, 51, 51)" data-darkmode-original-color-16072664870629="rgb(51, 51, 51)" data-darkmode-bgimage-16072664870629="1" data-darkmode-bgcolor-16073544711184="rgb(25, 25, 25)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-16073544711184="rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-16073544711184="rgb(51, 51, 51)" data-darkmode-original-color-16073544711184="rgb(51, 51, 51)" data-darkmode-bgimage-16073544711184="1" data-darkmode-bgcolor-16114842087086="rgb(25, 25, 25)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-16114842087086="#fff|rgb(255, 255, 255)" data-darkmode-color-16114842087086="rgb(51, 51, 51)" data-darkmode-original-color-16114842087086="#fff|rgba(230, 230, 230, 0.9)|rgb(86, 146, 214)|rgb(51, 51, 51)" data-darkmode-bgimage-16114842087086="1" style="max-width: 100%;font-family: 楷体, 楷体_GB2312, SimKai;letter-spacing: 0.5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">你点的每个“在看”，我都认真当成了AI</span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></ul>本篇文章来源于: 菜鸟学Python
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