https://www.cnblogs.com/maybe2030/p/9231231.html
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LP范数 -
L1范数 -
L2范数 -
L1范数和L2范数的区别 -
Dropout -
Batch Normalization -
归一化、标准化 & 正则化 -
Reference
L1范数
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特征选择 -
可解释性
L2范数
L1范数和L2范数的区别
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L1范数相当于加入了一个Laplacean先验; -
L2范数相当于加入了一个Gaussian先验。
Dropout
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在Dropout每一轮训练过程中随机丢失神经元的操作相当于多个DNNs进行取平均,因此用于预测时具有vote的效果。 -
减少神经元之间复杂的共适应性。当隐藏层神经元被随机删除之后,使得全连接网络具有了一定的稀疏化,从而有效地减轻了不同特征的协同效应。也就是说,有些特征可能会依赖于固定关系的隐含节点的共同作用,而通过Dropout的话,就有效地组织了某些特征在其他特征存在下才有效果的情况,增加了神经网络的鲁棒性。
Batch Normalization
归一化、标准化 & 正则化
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把数变为(0, 1)之间的小数 -
把有量纲的数转化为无量纲的数
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提升模型精度:归一化后,不同维度之间的特征在数值上有一定比较性,可以大大提高分类器的准确性。
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加速模型收敛:标准化后,最优解的寻优过程明显会变得平缓,更容易正确的收敛到最优解。如下图所示:
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