来自 | 知乎 作者 | roger
链接 | https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/138855612
编辑 | 深度学习这件小事
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Bag-of-Freebies,在inference阶段不引入额外计算复杂度
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Bag-of-Specials,在inference阶段引入的计算复杂度相比精度增加可忽略,这些tricks可认为增强了模型的某种属性,如增大了感受野、引入了attention机制、更好的信息融合等。
一、Bag-of-Freebies
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random erase/cutout:随机选择图片中一块矩形区域,将其像素值置为随机值或者0,模拟物体遮挡情况,这种数据增强方式在多个任务中均可提升模型精度;
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grid mask:随机在图片中选择多个矩形区域,将像素值置为0;
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HS(hide-and-seek):主要为解决弱监督检测问题中网络attention只集中在物体局部,导致检测框不准,HS训练中随机隐藏输入图像一部分区域,迫使网络学习到物体全局信息;
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dropout,用于全连接层,以一定概率随机将输出神经元置0,BP阶段不更新对应神经元;
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dropconnect,用于全连接层,以一定概率随机将神经元输入权重以一定概率置0;
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dropblock,如下图所示,随机将特征图某一个部分置为0,(b)作用于每一个像素,(c)作用于每一个block,对(b)来说,drop掉的像素的信息可以通过相邻像素学习得到,而(c)drop掉一块区域,会迫使网络学习其他区域信息,更有利于提取全局特征,效果更好,所以本方法称为dropblock。可以看到dropblock和random erase等有类似之处,不同在于random erase作用于输入图像,而dropblock作用于网络中间层特征图。
二、Bag-of-Specials
参考文献
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