作者 | hustcc
链接 | https://github.com/hustcc/JS-Sorting-Algorith
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平方阶 (O(n2)) 排序 各类简单排序:直接插入、直接选择和冒泡排序。 -
线性对数阶 (O(nlog2n)) 排序 快速排序、堆排序和归并排序; -
O(n1+§)) 排序,§ 是介于 0 和 1 之间的常数。希尔排序 -
线性阶 (O(n)) 排序 基数排序,此外还有桶、箱排序。
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排序后 2 个相等键值的顺序和排序之前它们的顺序相同 -
稳定的排序算法:冒泡排序、插入排序、归并排序和基数排序。 -
不是稳定的排序算法:选择排序、快速排序、希尔排序、堆排序。
1、冒泡排序
(1)算法步骤
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比较相邻的元素。如果第一个比第二个大,就交换他们两个。 -
对每一对相邻元素作同样的工作,从开始第一对到结尾的最后一对。这步做完后,最后的元素会是最大的数。 -
针对所有的元素重复以上的步骤,除了最后一个。 -
持续每次对越来越少的元素重复上面的步骤,直到没有任何一对数字需要比较。
<section style="max-width: 100%;line-height: 1.6;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><pre style="max-width: 100%;font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 0.5em;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background-color: rgb(40, 43, 46);line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);">bubbleSort</span><span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);">(arr)</span>:</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">for</span> i <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">in</span> range(<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">1</span>, len(arr)):</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">for</span> j <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">in</span> range(<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">0</span>, len(arr)-i):</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">if</span> arr[j] > arr[j+<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">1</span>]:</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> arr[j], arr[j + <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">1</span>] = arr[j + <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">1</span>], arr[j]</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">return</span> arr</span></section>
2、选择排序
(1)算法步骤
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首先在未排序序列中找到最小(大)元素,存放到排序序列的起始位置 -
再从剩余未排序元素中继续寻找最小(大)元素,然后放到已排序序列的末尾。 -
重复第二步,直到所有元素均排序完毕。
<section style="padding: 0.5em;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background-color: rgb(40, 43, 46);line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);">selectionSort</span><span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);">(arr)</span>:</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">for</span> i <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">in</span> range(len(arr) - <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">1</span>):</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);"># 记录最小数的索引</span></span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> minIndex = i</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">for</span> j <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">in</span> range(i + <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">1</span>, len(arr)):</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">if</span> arr[j] < arr[minIndex]:</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> minIndex = j</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);"># i 不是最小数时,将 i 和最小数进行交换</span></span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">if</span> i != minIndex:</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> arr[i], arr[minIndex] = arr[minIndex], arr[i]</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">return</span> arr</span></section>
3、插入排序
(1)算法步骤
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将第一待排序序列第一个元素看做一个有序序列,把第二个元素到最后一个元素当成是未排序序列。 -
从头到尾依次扫描未排序序列,将扫描到的每个元素插入有序序列的适当位置。(如果待插入的元素与有序序列中的某个元素相等,则将待插入元素插入到相等元素的后面。)
<section style="padding: 0.5em;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background-color: rgb(40, 43, 46);line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);">insertionSort</span><span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);">(arr)</span>:</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">for</span> i <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">in</span> range(len(arr)):</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> preIndex = i<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">-1</span></span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> current = arr[i]</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">while</span> preIndex >= <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">0</span> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">and</span> arr[preIndex] > current:</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> arr[preIndex+<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">1</span>] = arr[preIndex]</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> preIndex-=<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">1</span></span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> arr[preIndex+<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">1</span>] = current</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">return</span> arr</span></section>
4、希尔排序
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插入排序在对几乎已经排好序的数据操作时,效率高,即可以达到线性排序的效率; -
但插入排序一般来说是低效的,因为插入排序每次只能将数据移动一位;
(1)算法步骤
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选择一个增量序列 t1,t2,……,tk,其中 ti > tj, tk = 1; -
按增量序列个数 k,对序列进行 k 趟排序; -
每趟排序,根据对应的增量 ti,将待排序列分割成若干长度为 m 的子序列,分别对各子表进行直接插入排序。仅增量因子为 1 时,整个序列作为一个表来处理,表长度即为整个序列的长度。
<section style="padding: 0.5em;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background-color: rgb(40, 43, 46);line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);">shellSort</span><span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);">(arr)</span>:</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">import</span> math</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> gap=<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">1</span></span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">while</span>(gap < len(arr)/<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">3</span>):</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> gap = gap*<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">3</span>+<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">1</span></span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">while</span> gap > <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">0</span>:</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">for</span> i <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">in</span> range(gap,len(arr)):</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> temp = arr[i]</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> j = i-gap</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">while</span> j >=<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">0</span> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">and</span> arr[j] > temp:</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> arr[j+gap]=arr[j]</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> j-=gap</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> arr[j+gap] = temp</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> gap = math.floor(gap/<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">3</span>)</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">return</span> arr</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">}</span></section>
5、归并排序
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自上而下的递归(所有递归的方法都可以用迭代重写,所以就有了第 2 种方法) -
自下而上的迭代
(1)算法步骤
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申请空间,使其大小为两个已经排序序列之和,该空间用来存放合并后的序列; -
设定两个指针,最初位置分别为两个已经排序序列的起始位置; -
比较两个指针所指向的元素,选择相对小的元素放入到合并空间,并移动指针到下一位置; -
重复步骤 3 直到某一指针达到序列尾; -
将另一序列剩下的所有元素直接复制到合并序列尾。
<section style="padding: 0.5em;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background-color: rgb(40, 43, 46);line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);">mergeSort</span><span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);">(arr)</span>:</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">import</span> math</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">if</span>(len(arr)<<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">2</span>):</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">return</span> arr</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> middle = math.floor(len(arr)/<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">2</span>)</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> left, right = arr[<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">0</span>:middle], arr[middle:]</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">return</span> merge(mergeSort(left), mergeSort(right))</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);">merge</span><span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);">(left,right)</span>:</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> result = []</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">while</span> left <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">and</span> right:</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">if</span> left[<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">0</span>] <= right[<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">0</span>]:</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> result.append(left.pop(<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">0</span>));</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">else</span>:</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> result.append(right.pop(<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">0</span>));</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">while</span> left:</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> result.append(left.pop(<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">0</span>));</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">while</span> right:</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> result.append(right.pop(<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">0</span>));</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">return</span> result</span></section>
6、快速排序
快速排序的最坏运行情况是 O(n²),比如说顺序数列的快排。但它的平摊期望时间是 O(nlogn),且 O(nlogn) 记号中隐含的常数因子很小,比复杂度稳定等于 O(nlogn) 的归并排序要小很多。所以,对绝大多数顺序性较弱的随机数列而言,快速排序总是优于归并排序。
(1)算法步骤
-
从数列中挑出一个元素,称为 “基准”(pivot); -
重新排序数列,所有元素比基准值小的摆放在基准前面,所有元素比基准值大的摆在基准的后面(相同的数可以到任一边)。在这个分区退出之后,该基准就处于数列的中间位置。这个称为分区(partition)操作; -
递归地(recursive)把小于基准值元素的子数列和大于基准值元素的子数列排序;
<section style="padding: 0.5em;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background-color: rgb(40, 43, 46);line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);">quickSort</span><span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);">(arr, left=None, right=None)</span>:</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> left = <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">0</span> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">if</span> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">not</span> isinstance(left,(int, float)) <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">else</span> left</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> right = len(arr)<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">-1</span> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">if</span> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">not</span> isinstance(right,(int, float)) <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">else</span> right</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">if</span> left < right:</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> partitionIndex = partition(arr, left, right)</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> quickSort(arr, left, partitionIndex<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">-1</span>)</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> quickSort(arr, partitionIndex+<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">1</span>, right)</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">return</span> arr</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);">partition</span><span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);">(arr, left, right)</span>:</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> pivot = left</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> index = pivot+<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">1</span></span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> i = index</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">while</span> i <= right:</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">if</span> arr[i] < arr[pivot]:</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> swap(arr, i, index)</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> index+=<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">1</span></span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> i+=<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">1</span></span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> swap(arr,pivot,index<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">-1</span>)</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">return</span> index<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">-1</span></span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);">swap</span><span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);">(arr, i, j)</span>:</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> arr[i], arr[j] = arr[j], arr[i]</span></section>
7、堆排序
-
大顶堆:每个节点的值都大于或等于其子节点的值,在堆排序算法中用于升序排列; -
小顶堆:每个节点的值都小于或等于其子节点的值,在堆排序算法中用于降序排列;
(1)算法步骤
-
创建一个堆 H[0……n-1]; -
把堆首(最大值)和堆尾互换; -
把堆的尺寸缩小 1,并调用 shift_down(0),目的是把新的数组顶端数据调整到相应位置; -
重复步骤 2,直到堆的尺寸为 1。
<section style="padding: 0.5em;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background-color: rgb(40, 43, 46);line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);">buildMaxHeap</span><span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);">(arr)</span>:</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">import</span> math</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">for</span> i <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">in</span> range(math.floor(len(arr)/<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">2</span>),<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">-1</span>,<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">-1</span>):</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> heapify(arr,i)</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);">heapify</span><span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);">(arr, i)</span>:</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> left = <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">2</span>*i+<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">1</span></span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> right = <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">2</span>*i+<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">2</span></span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> largest = i</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">if</span> left < arrLen <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">and</span> arr[left] > arr[largest]:</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> largest = left</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">if</span> right < arrLen <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">and</span> arr[right] > arr[largest]:</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> largest = right</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">if</span> largest != i:</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> swap(arr, i, largest)</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> heapify(arr, largest)</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);">swap</span><span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);">(arr, i, j)</span>:</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> arr[i], arr[j] = arr[j], arr[i]</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);">heapSort</span><span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);">(arr)</span>:</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">global</span> arrLen</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> arrLen = len(arr)</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> buildMaxHeap(arr)</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">for</span> i <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">in</span> range(len(arr)<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">-1</span>,<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">0</span>,<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">-1</span>):</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> swap(arr,<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">0</span>,i)</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> arrLen -=<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">1</span></span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> heapify(arr, <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">0</span>)</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">return</span> arr</span></section>
8、计数排序
<section style="padding: 0.5em;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background-color: rgb(40, 43, 46);line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);">countingSort</span><span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);">(arr, maxValue)</span>:</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> bucketLen = maxValue+<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">1</span></span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> bucket = [<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">0</span>]*bucketLen</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> sortedIndex =<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">0</span></span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> arrLen = len(arr)</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">for</span> i <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">in</span> range(arrLen):</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">if</span> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">not</span> bucket[arr[i]]:</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> bucket[arr[i]]=<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">0</span></span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> bucket[arr[i]]+=<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">1</span></span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">for</span> j <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">in</span> range(bucketLen):</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">while</span> bucket[j]><span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">0</span>:</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> arr[sortedIndex] = j</span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> sortedIndex+=<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">1</span></span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> bucket[j]-=<span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);">1</span></span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);">return</span> arr</span></section>
9、桶排序
-
在额外空间充足的情况下,尽量增大桶的数量 -
使用的映射函数能够将输入的 N 个数据均匀的分配到 K 个桶中
<section style="padding: 6px;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;border-radius: 4px;font-size: 0.85em;background-color: rgb(35, 36, 31);color: rgb(248, 248, 242);overflow-x: auto;white-space: nowrap;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 125px;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(249, 38, 114);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 20px;">def</span> <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(166, 226, 46);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 73px;">bucket_sort</span><span style="max-width: 100%;background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 20px;">(s)</span>:</span><br mpa-from-tpl="t" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(230, 219, 116);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 76px;">"""桶排序"""</span></span><br mpa-from-tpl="t" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> min_num = min(s)</span><br mpa-from-tpl="t" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> max_num = max(s)</span><br mpa-from-tpl="t" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(117, 113, 94);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 61px;"># 桶的大小</span></span><br mpa-from-tpl="t" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> bucket_range = (max_num-min_num) / len(s)</span><br mpa-from-tpl="t" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(117, 113, 94);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 49px;"># 桶数组</span></span><br mpa-from-tpl="t" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> count_list = [ [] <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(249, 38, 114);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 20px;">for</span> i <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(249, 38, 114);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 13px;">in</span> range(len(s) + <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(174, 129, 255);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 7px;">1</span>)]</span><br mpa-from-tpl="t" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(117, 113, 94);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 85px;"># 向桶数组填数</span></span><br mpa-from-tpl="t" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(249, 38, 114);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 20px;">for</span> i <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(249, 38, 114);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 13px;">in</span> s:</span><br mpa-from-tpl="t" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> count_list[int((i-min_num)//bucket_range)].append(i)</span><br mpa-from-tpl="t" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> s.clear()</span><br mpa-from-tpl="t" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(117, 113, 94);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 233px;"># 回填,这里桶内部排序直接调用了sorted</span></span><br mpa-from-tpl="t" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(249, 38, 114);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 20px;">for</span> i <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(249, 38, 114);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 13px;">in</span> count_list:</span><br mpa-from-tpl="t" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(249, 38, 114);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 19px;">for</span> j <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(249, 38, 114);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 13px;">in</span> sorted(i):</span><br mpa-from-tpl="t" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> s.append(j)</span><br mpa-from-tpl="t" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><br mpa-from-tpl="t" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(249, 38, 114);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 13px;">if</span> __name__ == <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(230, 219, 116);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 66px;">__main__ </span>:</span><br mpa-from-tpl="t" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> a = [<span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(174, 129, 255);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 20px;">3.2</span>,<span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(174, 129, 255);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 6px;">6</span>,<span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(174, 129, 255);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 6px;">8</span>,<span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(174, 129, 255);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 7px;">4</span>,<span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(174, 129, 255);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 7px;">2</span>,<span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(174, 129, 255);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 7px;">6</span>,<span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(174, 129, 255);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 7px;">7</span>,<span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(174, 129, 255);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 6px;">3</span>]</span><br mpa-from-tpl="t" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> bucket_sort(a)</span><br mpa-from-tpl="t" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> print(a) <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(117, 113, 94);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 184px;"># [2, 3, 3.2, 4, 6, 6, 7, 8]</span></span></section>
10、基数排序
基数排序 vs 计数排序 vs 桶排序
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基数排序:根据键值的每位数字来分配桶; -
计数排序:每个桶只存储单一键值; -
桶排序:每个桶存储一定范围的数值;
<section style="padding: 6px;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;border-radius: 4px;font-size: 0.85em;background-color: rgb(35, 36, 31);color: rgb(248, 248, 242);overflow-x: auto;white-space: nowrap;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 132px;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(249, 38, 114);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 20px;">def</span> <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(166, 226, 46);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 60px;">RadixSort</span><span style="max-width: 100%;background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 39px;">(list)</span>:</span><br mpa-from-tpl="t" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> i = <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(174, 129, 255);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 6px;">0</span> <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(117, 113, 94);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 90px;">#初始为个位排序</span></span><br mpa-from-tpl="t" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> n = <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(174, 129, 255);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 6px;">1</span> <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(117, 113, 94);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 152px;">#最小的位数置为1(包含0)</span></span><br mpa-from-tpl="t" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> max_num = max(list) <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(117, 113, 94);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 138px;">#得到带排序数组中最大数</span></span><br mpa-from-tpl="t" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(249, 38, 114);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 33px;">while</span> max_num > <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(174, 129, 255);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 13px;">10</span>**n: <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(117, 113, 94);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 114px;">#得到最大数是几位数</span></span><br mpa-from-tpl="t" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> n += <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(174, 129, 255);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 6px;">1</span></span><br mpa-from-tpl="t" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(249, 38, 114);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 33px;">while</span> i < n:</span><br mpa-from-tpl="t" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> bucket = {} <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(117, 113, 94);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 78px;">#用字典构建桶</span></span><br mpa-from-tpl="t" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(249, 38, 114);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 19px;">for</span> x <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(249, 38, 114);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 13px;">in</span> range(<span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(174, 129, 255);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 13px;">10</span>):</span><br mpa-from-tpl="t" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> bucket.setdefault(x, []) <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(117, 113, 94);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 78px;">#将每个桶置空</span></span><br mpa-from-tpl="t" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(249, 38, 114);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 19px;">for</span> x <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(249, 38, 114);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 13px;">in</span> list: <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(117, 113, 94);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 102px;">#对每一位进行排序</span></span><br mpa-from-tpl="t" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> radix =int((x / (<span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(174, 129, 255);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 13px;">10</span>**i)) % <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(174, 129, 255);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 13px;">10</span>) <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(117, 113, 94);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 90px;">#得到每位的基数</span></span><br mpa-from-tpl="t" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> bucket[radix].append(x) <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(117, 113, 94);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 413px;">#将对应的数组元素加入到相 #应位基数的桶中</span></span><br mpa-from-tpl="t" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> j = <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(174, 129, 255);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 7px;">0</span></span><br mpa-from-tpl="t" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(249, 38, 114);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 19px;">for</span> k <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(249, 38, 114);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 13px;">in</span> range(<span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(174, 129, 255);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 13px;">10</span>):</span><br mpa-from-tpl="t" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(249, 38, 114);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 13px;">if</span> len(bucket[k]) != <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(174, 129, 255);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 6px;">0</span>: <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(117, 113, 94);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 67px;">#若桶不为空</span></span><br mpa-from-tpl="t" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(249, 38, 114);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 20px;">for</span> y <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(249, 38, 114);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 13px;">in</span> bucket[k]: <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(117, 113, 94);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 103px;">#将该桶中每个元素</span></span><br mpa-from-tpl="t" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> list[j] = y <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(117, 113, 94);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 79px;">#放回到数组中</span></span><br mpa-from-tpl="t" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> j += <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(174, 129, 255);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 6px;">1</span></span><br mpa-from-tpl="t" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> i += <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(174, 129, 255);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 6px;">1</span></span><br mpa-from-tpl="t" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(249, 38, 114);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);width: 39px;">return</span> list</span></section>
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