最近看了一篇文章是有关于NBA球员出手数据的可视化案例，原文链接如下。
虎扑热帖|Python数据分析|NBA的球星们喜欢在哪个位置出手
个人感觉比较有趣，所以想着自己也来实现一波。
总体上来说差不多，可能就是美观点吧...
/ 01 / 篮球场
从网上找的篮球场尺寸图，如下。
其中单位为英尺，NBA的球场尺寸为94英尺长，50英尺宽。
下图是我用CAD绘制半场尺寸图，本次绘图就是按照下面这个尺寸来的。
有了尺寸，接下来就可以使用matplotlib进行绘制篮球场了。
主要是绘制矩形、圆形以及圆弧。
具体代码如下。
<p style="overflow-wrap: break-word;line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;word-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">from</span> matplotlib <span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">import</span> pyplot <span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">as</span> plt<br /><span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">from</span> matplotlib.patches <span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">import</span> Arc, Circle, Rectangle<br /><br /><br /><span class="hljs-function" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">draw_ball_field</span><span class="hljs-params" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">(color=<span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'#20458C'</span>, lw=<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>)</span>:</span><br /> <span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"""<br /> 绘制篮球场<br /> """</span><br /> <span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 新建一个大小为(6,6)的绘图窗口</span><br /> plt.figure(figsize=(<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">6</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">6</span>))<br /> <span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 获得当前的Axes对象ax,进行绘图</span><br /> ax = plt.gca()<br /><br /> <span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 对篮球场进行底色填充</span><br /> lines_outer_rec = Rectangle(xy=(<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">-250</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">-47.5</span>), width=<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">500</span>, height=<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">470</span>, linewidth=lw, color=<span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'#F0F0F0'</span>, fill=<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">True</span>)<br /> <span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 设置篮球场填充图层为最底层</span><br /> lines_outer_rec.set_zorder(<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">0</span>)<br /> <span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 将rec添加进ax</span><br /> ax.add_patch(lines_outer_rec)<br /><br /> <span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 绘制篮筐,半径为7.5</span><br /> circle_ball = Circle(xy=(<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">0</span>), radius=<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">7.5</span>, linewidth=lw, color=color, fill=<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">False</span>)<br /> <span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 将circle添加进ax</span><br /> ax.add_patch(circle_ball)<br /><br /> <span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 绘制篮板,尺寸为(60,1)</span><br /> plate = Rectangle(xy=(<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">-30</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">-7.5</span>), width=<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">60</span>, height=<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">-1</span>, linewidth=lw, color=color, fill=<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">False</span>)<br /> <span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 将rec添加进ax</span><br /> ax.add_patch(plate)<br /><br /> <span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 绘制2分区的外框线,尺寸为(160,190)</span><br /> outer_rec = Rectangle(xy=(<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">-80</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">-47.5</span>), width=<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">160</span>, height=<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">190</span>, linewidth=lw, color=color, fill=<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">False</span>)<br /> <span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 将rec添加进ax</span><br /> ax.add_patch(outer_rec)<br /><br /> <span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 绘制2分区的内框线,尺寸为(120,190)</span><br /> inner_rec = Rectangle(xy=(<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">-60</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">-47.5</span>), width=<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">120</span>, height=<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">190</span>, linewidth=lw, color=color, fill=<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">False</span>)<br /> <span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 将rec添加进ax</span><br /> ax.add_patch(inner_rec)<br /><br /> <span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 绘制罚球区域圆圈,半径为60</span><br /> circle_punish = Circle(xy=(<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">142.5</span>), radius=<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">60</span>, linewidth=lw, color=color, fill=<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">False</span>)<br /> <span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 将circle添加进ax</span><br /> ax.add_patch(circle_punish)<br /><br /> <span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 绘制三分线的左边线</span><br /> three_left_rec = Rectangle(xy=(<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">-220</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">-47.5</span>), width=<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">0</span>, height=<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">140</span>, linewidth=lw, color=color, fill=<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">False</span>)<br /> <span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 将rec添加进ax</span><br /> ax.add_patch(three_left_rec)<br /><br /> <span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 绘制三分线的右边线</span><br /> three_right_rec = Rectangle(xy=(<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">220</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">-47.5</span>), width=<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">0</span>, height=<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">140</span>, linewidth=lw, color=color, fill=<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">False</span>)<br /> <span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 将rec添加进ax</span><br /> ax.add_patch(three_right_rec)<br /><br /> <span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 绘制三分线的圆弧,圆心为(0,0),半径为238.66,起始角度为22.8,结束角度为157.2</span><br /> three_arc = Arc(xy=(<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">0</span>), width=<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">477.32</span>, height=<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">477.32</span>, theta1=<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">22.8</span>, theta2=<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">157.2</span>, linewidth=lw, color=color, fill=<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">False</span>)<br /> <span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 将arc添加进ax</span><br /> ax.add_patch(three_arc)<br /><br /> <span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 绘制中场处的外半圆,半径为60</span><br /> center_outer_arc = Arc(xy=(<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">422.5</span>), width=<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">120</span>, height=<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">120</span>, theta1=<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">180</span>, theta2=<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">0</span>, linewidth=lw, color=color, fill=<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">False</span>)<br /> <span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 将arc添加进ax</span><br /> ax.add_patch(center_outer_arc)<br /><br /> <span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 绘制中场处的内半圆,半径为20</span><br /> center_inner_arc = Arc(xy=(<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">422.5</span>), width=<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">40</span>, height=<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">40</span>, theta1=<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">180</span>, theta2=<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">0</span>, linewidth=lw, color=color, fill=<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">False</span>)<br /> <span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 将arc添加进ax</span><br /> ax.add_patch(center_inner_arc)<br /><br /> <span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 绘制篮球场外框线,尺寸为(500,470)</span><br /> lines_outer_rec = Rectangle(xy=(<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">-250</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">-47.5</span>), width=<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">500</span>, height=<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">470</span>, linewidth=lw, color=color, fill=<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">False</span>)<br /> <span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 将rec添加进ax</span><br /> ax.add_patch(lines_outer_rec)<br /><br /> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">return</span> ax<br /><br /><br />axs = draw_ball_field(color=<span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'#20458C'</span>, lw=<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>)<br /><br /><span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 设置坐标轴范围</span><br />axs.set_xlim(<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">-250</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">250</span>)<br />axs.set_ylim(<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">422.5</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">-47.5</span>)<br /><span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 消除坐标轴刻度</span><br />axs.set_xticks([])<br />axs.set_yticks([])<br /><span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 添加备注信息</span><br />plt.annotate(<span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'By xiao F'</span>, xy=(<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">100</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">160</span>), xytext=(<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">178</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">418</span>))<br />plt.show()<br /></p>最后得到下图。
下面去获取球员的投篮数据。
/ 02 / 投篮数据
投篮数据来源于NBA官方网站——NBA Stats。
在这个网页下打开开发者工具，找到下面这个请求。
便能获取到球员的投篮数据，本次只获取球员的投篮点及是否得分的数据。
这里以「库里」为例，爬取代码如下。
<p style="overflow-wrap: break-word;line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;word-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">import</span> requests<br /><span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">import</span> json<br /><br />headers = {<br /> <span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'User-Agent'</span>: <span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.132 Safari/537.36'</span><br /> }<br /><br /><span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 球员职业生涯时间</span><br />years = [<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2018</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2019</span>]<br /><span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">for</span> i <span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">in</span> range(years[<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">0</span>], years[<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>]):<br /> <span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 赛季</span><br /> season = str(i) + <span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'-'</span> + str(i + <span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>)[<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">-2</span>:]<br /> <span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 球员ID</span><br /> player_id = <span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'201939'</span><br /> <span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 请求网址</span><br /> url = <span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'https://stats.nba.com/stats/shotchartdetail?AheadBehind=&CFID=33&CFPARAMS='</span> + season + <span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'&ClutchTime=&Conference=&ContextFilter=&ContextMeasure=FGA&DateFrom=&DateTo=&Division=&EndPeriod=10&EndRange=28800&GROUP_ID=&GameEventID=&GameID=&GameSegment=&GroupID=&GroupMode=&GroupQuantity=5&LastNGames=0&LeagueID=00&Location=&Month=0&OnOff=&OpponentTeamID=0&Outcome=&PORound=0&Period=0&PlayerID='</span> + player_id + <span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'&PlayerID1=&PlayerID2=&PlayerID3=&PlayerID4=&PlayerID5=&PlayerPosition=&PointDiff=&Position=&RangeType=0&RookieYear=&Season='</span> + season + <span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'&SeasonSegment=&SeasonType=Regular+Season&ShotClockRange=&StartPeriod=1&StartRange=0&StarterBench=&TeamID=0&VsConference=&VsDivision=&VsPlayerID1=&VsPlayerID2=&VsPlayerID3=&VsPlayerID4=&VsPlayerID5=&VsTeamID='</span><br /> <span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 请求结果</span><br /> response = requests.get(url=url, headers=headers)<br /> result = json.loads(response.text)<br /><br /> <span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 获取数据</span><br /> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">for</span> item <span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">in</span> result[<span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'resultSets'</span>][<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">0</span>][<span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'rowSet'</span>]:<br /> <span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 是否进球得分</span><br /> flag = item[<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">10</span>]<br /> <span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 横坐标</span><br /> loc_x = str(item[<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">17</span>])<br /> <span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 纵坐标</span><br /> loc_y = str(item[<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">18</span>])<br /> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">with</span> open(<span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'curry.csv'</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'a+'</span>) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">as</span> f:<br /> f.write(loc_x + <span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">','</span> + loc_y + <span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">','</span> + flag + <span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'n'</span>)<br /></p>获取到的数据如下。
其中可以通过设置球员ID以及赛季时间来获取不同的数据。
球员ID和赛季时间可以通过官网中的球员信息网页了解到。
/ 03 / 数据可视化
现在球场有了，投篮数据也有了，就可以来画图了。
使用matplotlib的散点图来实现。
<p style="overflow-wrap: break-word;line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;word-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">import</span> pandas <span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">as</span> pd<br /><br /><span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 读取数据</span><br />df = pd.read_csv(<span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'curry.csv'</span>, header=<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">None</span>, names=[<span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'width'</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'height'</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'type'</span>])<br /><span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 分类数据</span><br />df1 = df[df[<span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'type'</span>] == <span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'Made Shot'</span>]<br />df2 = df[df[<span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'type'</span>] == <span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'Missed Shot'</span>]<br /><span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 绘制散点图</span><br />axs.scatter(x=df2[<span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'width'</span>], y=df2[<span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'height'</span>], s=<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">30</span>, marker=<span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'x'</span>, color=<span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'#A82B2B'</span>)<br />axs.scatter(x=df1[<span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'width'</span>], y=df1[<span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'height'</span>], s=<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">30</span>, marker=<span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'o'</span>, edgecolors=<span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'#3A7711'</span>, color=<span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"#F0F0F0"</span>, linewidths=<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>)<br /></p>得到下图。
来和官网的图对比一下。
看起来还不错，匹配度还是蛮高的。
下面绘制投篮热力图，通过seaborn绘制，代码如下。
<p style="overflow-wrap: break-word;line-height: 15px;font-size: 11px;word-spacing: -3px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace;border-radius: 0px;color: rgb(169, 183, 198);background: rgb(40, 43, 46);padding: 0.5em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;word-wrap: normal !important;word-break: normal !important;overflow: auto !important;display: -webkit-box !important;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">import</span> seaborn <span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">as</span> sns<br /><span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">import</span> matplotlib <span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">as</span> mpl<br /><br /><span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 读取数据</span><br />df = pd.read_csv(<span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'curry.csv'</span>, header=<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">None</span>, names=[<span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'width'</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'height'</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'type'</span>])<br /><br /><br /><span class="hljs-function" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">def</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(165, 218, 45);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">colormap</span><span class="hljs-params" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(255, 152, 35);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">()</span>:</span><br /> <span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"""<br /> 颜色转换<br /> """</span><br /> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">return</span> mpl.colors.LinearSegmentedColormap.from_list(<span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'cmap'</span>, [<span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'#C5C5C5'</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'#9F9F9F'</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'#706A7C'</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'#675678'</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'#713A71'</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'#9D3E5E'</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'#BC5245'</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'#C86138'</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'#C96239'</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'#D37636'</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'#D67F39'</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'#DA8C3E'</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'#E1A352'</span>], <span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">256</span>)<br /><br /><br /><span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 绘制球员投篮热力图</span><br />shot_heatmap = sns.jointplot(df[<span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'width'</span>], df[<span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'height'</span>], stat_func=<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(248, 35, 117);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">None</span>, kind=<span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'kde'</span>, space=<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">0</span>, color=<span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'w'</span>, cmap=colormap())<br /><span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 设置图像大小</span><br />shot_heatmap.fig.set_size_inches(<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">6</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">6</span>)<br /><span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 图像反向</span><br />ax = shot_heatmap.ax_joint<br /><span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 绘制投篮散点图</span><br />ax.scatter(x=df[<span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'width'</span>], y=df[<span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'height'</span>], s=<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">0.1</span>, marker=<span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'o'</span>, color=<span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">"w"</span>, alpha=<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">1</span>)<br /><span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 添加篮球场</span><br />draw_ball_field(color=<span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'w'</span>, lw=<span class="hljs-number" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(174, 135, 250);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">2</span>)<br /><span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 将坐标轴颜色更改为白色</span><br />lines = plt.gca()<br />lines.spines[<span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'top'</span>].set_color(<span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'none'</span>)<br />lines.spines[<span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'left'</span>].set_color(<span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'none'</span>)<br /><span class="hljs-comment" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(128, 128, 128);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"># 去除坐标轴标签</span><br />ax.axis(<span class="hljs-string" style="font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;color: rgb(238, 220, 112);word-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">'off'</span>)<br /></p>得到结果如下。
还是来看一下官网的图。
两个效果都不错，不过边框我没调好，显得没那么好看。
库里投篮最密集的区域，篮下和三分线。
最后看一下于小F而言，印象比较深的球员，「科比」和「霍华德」。
「科比」的ID为977，职业生涯时间为1996年到2012年。
全线开花，不少负角度投篮，甚至还有超远三分。
「霍华德」的ID为2730，职业生涯时间为2004年到2019年。
魔兽霍华德，屈指可数的三分。
其他都是围绕着篮板的得分。
还有好多球员，就靠大伙自己去看啦！
/ 04 / 总结
好了，本次更文到此结束。
感兴趣的小伙伴可以自行动手，操作一波。
本篇文章来源于: 菜鸟学Python
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